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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [ <!ENTITY % globalent SYSTEM "../../libs/global.ent"> <!-- NAMES --><!ENTITY canonical-name "Canonical Ltd."> <!ENTITY project-name "Ubuntu Documentation Project"> <!ENTITY ubuntu "<phrase>Ubuntu</phrase>"> <!ENTITY sg-title "Server Guide"> <!-- VERSIONS --><!ENTITY distro-version "Jaunty Jackalope"> <!ENTITY distro-rev "9.04"> <!ENTITY distro-release-date "April 2009"> <!ENTITY distro-short-codename "jaunty"> <!ENTITY distro-apt-cd-name "Ubuntu 9.04_Jaunty_Jackalope"> <!ENTITY linux-kernel-version "2.6.27"> <!ENTITY gcc-version "4.3.1"> <!ENTITY glibc-version "2.8"> <!ENTITY python-version "2.5"> <!ENTITY glossary SYSTEM "../common/C/glossary.xml"> <!-- LEGAL URLs --><!ENTITY legalnotice SYSTEM "../libs/C/legalnotice.xml"> <!ENTITY gpl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</ulink>'> <!ENTITY cc "http://creativecommons.org/"> <!ENTITY cc-attrib '<ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/">Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5</ulink>'> <!ENTITY cc-fulldeed-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/legalcode/"> <!ENTITY fdl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</ulink>'> <!ENTITY cc-disclaimer-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/disclaimer-popup?lang=en"> <!-- CANONICAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY canonical-url "http://www.canonical.com"> <!-- OTHER UBUNTU RELATED RESOURCES --><!ENTITY upstart-url "http://upstart.ubuntu.com"> <!-- UBUNTU IRC INFORMATION --><!ENTITY irc-network "Freenode"> <!ENTITY irc-server "irc.ubuntu.com"> <!ENTITY ubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #ubuntu"> <!ENTITY kubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu"> <!ENTITY xubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #xubuntu"> <!ENTITY edubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #edubuntu"> <!-- UBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY ubuntu-packages 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connecttoserver "<menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Connect to Server...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY cowbell "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Sound & Video</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Cowbell Music Organizer</guimenuitem> </menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY chromium "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Chromium</guisubmenu></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY computer-janitor "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>System Janitor</guisubmenu></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY desktop-background "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Desktop Background</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY desktop-effects "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Appearance</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Visual Effects</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY desktop-preferences 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"<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Office</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>HomeBank</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY hubackup "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Home User Backup</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY hurestore "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Home User Restore</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY inkscape "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Inkscape SVG Vector Illustrator</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY internet "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY kdevelop "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Programming</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KDevelop</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY keyboard "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Keyboard</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY keyboard-shortcuts "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Keyboard Shortcuts</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY language-support "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Language Support</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY liferea "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Liferea Feed Reader</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY limewire "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>LimeWire</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY lockscreen "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Lock Screen</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY login-screen-setup "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Login Window</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY mahjongg "<menuchoice><guimenuitem>Applications</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Games</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Mahjongg</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY menu-editor "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Accessories</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Applications Menu Editor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY menus-and-toolbars "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Menus & Toolbars</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY monodevelop "<menuchoice><guimenuitem>Applications</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Programming</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>MonoDevelop</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY monodoc "<menuchoice><guimenuitem>Applications</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Programming</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>MonoDoc</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY mouse "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Mouse</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY mtink "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>mtink</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY music "<menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Music</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY multimedia-systems-selector "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Multimedia Systems Selector</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY ndisgtk "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Windows Wireless Drivers</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY network-proxy "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Network Proxy</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY network-tools "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Network Tools</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY networking "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Network</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY network-servers "<menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Network</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY neverball "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Neverball</guisubmenu></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY neverputt "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Neverputt</guisubmenu></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY nexuiz "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Nexuiz</guisubmenu></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY open-office "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Office</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY openoffice-base "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Office</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>OpenOffice.org Database</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY openoffice-draw "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>OpenOffice.org Draw</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY openoffice-presentation "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Office</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>OpenOffice.org Presentation</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY openoffice-spreadsheet "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Office</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY openoffice-writer "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Office</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>OpenOffice.org Word Processor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY palmos-devices "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>PalmOS Devices</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY pan "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Pan Newsreader</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY photoprint "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>PhotoPrint</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY pidgin "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Pidgin Internet Messenger</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY power-management "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Power Management</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY ppracer "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Planet Penguin Racer</guisubmenu></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY preferences "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Preferences</guisubmenu></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY preferred-applications "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Preferred Applications</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY print "<menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Print</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY printing "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Printing</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY qtparted "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>System Tools</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>QTParted</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY remote-desktop "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Remote Desktop</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY removable-drives-and-media "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Removable Drives and Media</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY realplayer "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>RealPlayer 11</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY restricted-manager "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Hardware Drivers</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY rhythmbox "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Rhythmbox Music Player</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY route-planner "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>aMule</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY scorched3d "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Scorched 3D</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY screen-resolution "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Screen Resolution</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY screensaver "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Screensaver</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY scribus "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Office</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Scribus</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY serpentine "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Serpentine Audio CD Creator</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY services "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Services</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY sessions "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Sessions</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY shared-folders "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Shared Folders</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY skype "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Skype</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY software-properties "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Software Sources</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY software-sources "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Software Sources</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY sound "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Sound</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY soundandvideo "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY soundjuicer "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Audio CD Extractor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY supertux "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>SuperTux</guisubmenu></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY shutdown "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Shut Down...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY synaptic "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Synaptic Package Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY system-monitor "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>System Monitor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY systemtools "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>System Tools</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY terminal "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Terminal</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY text-editor "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Text Editor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY theme "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Theme</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY thunderbird "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Mozilla Thunderbird Mail/News</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY time-date "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Time and Date</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY totem "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Movie Player</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY touchpad "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Touchpad</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY tremulous "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Tremulous</guisubmenu></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY ubuntu-update-manager "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Ubuntu Update Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY update-manager "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Update Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY users "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Users and Groups</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY users-groups "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Users and Groups</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY windows "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Windows</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY wireshark "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Wireshark</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY xchat-gnome "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Xchat-GNOME IRC Chat</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY xine "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>xine</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY xmms "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>XMMS</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY xsane "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>XSane Image Scanner</guimenuitem></menuchoice>"> <!ENTITY % xinclude SYSTEM "../../libs/xinclude.mod"> <!ELEMENT xi:include (xi:fallback)?> <!ATTLIST xi:include xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED "http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"> <!ATTLIST xi:include href CDATA #REQUIRED> <!ATTLIST xi:include parse (xml | text) "xml"> <!ATTLIST xi:include xpointer CDATA #IMPLIED> <!ATTLIST xi:include encoding CDATA #IMPLIED> <!ATTLIST xi:include accept CDATA #IMPLIED> <!ATTLIST xi:include accept-charset CDATA #IMPLIED> <!ATTLIST xi:include accept-language CDATA #IMPLIED> <!ELEMENT xi:fallback ANY> <!ATTLIST xi:fallback xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED "http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"> <!ENTITY % local.preface.class "| xi:include"> <!ENTITY % local.part.class "| xi:include"> <!ENTITY % local.chapter.class "| xi:include"> <!ENTITY % local.divcomponent.mix "| xi:include"> <!ENTITY % local.para.char.mix "| xi:include"> <!ENTITY % local.info.class "| xi:include"> <!ENTITY % local.common.attrib "xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED 'http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude'"> <!ENTITY language "en"> ]> <article id="add-applications" status="review" lang="ru"> <articleinfo> <title>–£—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∞, —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ –∏ –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–π</title> <legalnotice id="legal"> <title>–†–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—á–∏–∫–∏ –∏ –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑–∏—è</title> <para>–≠—Ç–æ—Ç –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç –ø–æ–¥–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –∫–æ–º–∞–Ω–¥–æ–π –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è Ubuntu (https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam). –î–ª—è –ø—Ä–æ—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–∞ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞ —É—á–∞—Å—Ç–Ω–∏–∫–æ–≤ —Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–∏—Ç–µ <ulink url="../../libs/C/contributors.xml">—Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ü—É —É—á–∞—Å—Ç–Ω–∏–∫–æ–≤</ulink></para> <para>–≠—Ç–æ—Ç –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–µ–Ω –ø–æ–¥ –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑–∏–µ–π Creative Commons ShareAlike 2.5 (CC-BY-SA)</para> <para>–í—ã –≤–æ–ª—å–Ω—ã –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω—è—Ç—å, —Ä–∞—Å—à–∏—Ä—è—Ç—å –∏ —É–ª—É—á—à–∞—Ç—å –∏—Å—Ö–æ–¥–Ω—ã–π –∫–æ–¥ –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü–∏–∏ Ubuntu –ø–æ —É—Å–ª–æ–≤–∏—è–º —ç—Ç–æ–π –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑–∏–∏. –í—Å–µ –≤—Ç–æ—Ä–∏—á–Ω—ã–µ —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—ã –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω—ã –±—ã—Ç—å –≤—ã–ø—É—â–µ–Ω—ã –ø–æ–¥ —ç—Ç–æ–π –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑–∏–µ–π.</para> <para>–≠—Ç–∞ –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü–∏—è —Ä–∞—Å–ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –≤ –Ω–∞–¥–µ–∂–¥–µ, —á—Ç–æ –æ–Ω–∞ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –ø–æ–ª–µ–∑–Ω–æ–π, –Ω–æ –ë–ï–ó –ö–ê–ö–ò–• –õ–ò–ë–û –ì–ê–†–ê–ù–¢–ò–ô; –¥–∞–∂–µ –±–µ–∑ –≤–æ–∑–º–æ–∂–Ω–æ–π –≥–∞—Ä–∞–Ω—Ç–∏–∏ –†–ê–ë–û–¢–û–°–ü–û–°–û–ë–ù–û–°–¢–ò –∏–ª–∏ –ü–†–ò–ì–û–î–ù–û–°–¢–ò –ö –û–ü–†–ï–î–ï–õ–ï–ù–ù–û–ô –¶–ï–õ–ò, –ö–ê–ö –û–ü–ò–°–ê–ù–û –í –°–û–ì–õ–ê–®–ï–ù–ò–ò.</para> <para>–ö–æ–ø–∏—è –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑–∏–∏ –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω–∞ –∑–¥–µ—Å—å: <ulink url="/usr/share/ubuntu-docs/libs/C/ccbysa.xml">Creative Commons ShareAlike License</ulink>.</para> </legalnotice> <copyright> <year>2008</year> <holder>Canonical Ltd. –∏ —É—á–∞—Å—Ç–Ω–∏–∫–∏ <ulink url="https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-core-doc">–ü—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü–∏–∏ Ubuntu</ulink></holder> </copyright> <publisher> <publishername>–ü—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü–∏–∏ Ubuntu</publishername> </publisher> </articleinfo> <para>–í —ç—Ç–æ–º —Ä–∞–∑–¥–µ–ª–µ –æ–ø–∏—Å–∞–Ω—ã —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±—ã —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏, —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –∏ –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º. –¢–∞–∫–∂–µ –æ–±—ä—è—Å–Ω—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –∫–∞–∫–∏–º –æ–±—Ä–∞–∑–æ–º –æ—Å—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è —É–ø—Ä–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∞–º–∏ –∏ –∏—Ö –∑–∞–≥—Ä—É–∑–∫–∞ –∏–∑ –∏–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–Ω–µ—Ç–∞.</para> <sect1 id="installation-windows-ubuntu" status="draft"> <title>–ß–µ–º –æ—Ç–ª–∏—á–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º –≤ Ubuntu –∏ –≤ Windows?</title> <para>–í Ubuntu —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º –≤ –∫–æ—Ä–Ω–µ –æ—Ç–ª–∏—á–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –æ—Ç Windows.</para> <para>–ï—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—É –≤ Windows, –≤—ã –æ–±—ã—á–Ω–æ –ø–æ–∫—É–ø–∞–µ—Ç–µ CD-–¥–∏—Å–∫ —Å –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–æ–π –∏–ª–∏ –∑–∞–≥—Ä—É–∂–∞–µ—Ç–µ –∏–∑ –∏–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–Ω–µ—Ç–∞ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤—â–∏–∫. –ü–æ—Å–ª–µ —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –≤—ã –∑–∞–ø—É—Å–∫–∞–µ—Ç–µ —ç—Ç–æ—Ç —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤—â–∏–∫, –∏ –ø–æ —Ö–æ–¥—É —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏ –æ–Ω –¥–∞—ë—Ç –≤–∞–º —Å–æ–≤–µ—Ç—ã.</para> <para>–í Ubuntu, –≤—ã –ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç–æ –æ—Ç–∫—Ä—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç–µ <emphasis>–ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—É —É–ø—Ä–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞–º–∏</emphasis>, –∏—â–∏—Ç–µ –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ –Ω–µ–æ–±—Ö–æ–¥–∏–º—É—é –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—É –∏ –Ω–∞–∂–∏–º–∞–µ—Ç–µ –Ω–∞ –∫–Ω–æ–ø–∫—É –ø–æ–¥—Ç–≤–µ—Ä–∂–¥–µ–Ω–∏—è. –ü—Ä–æ—Ü–µ—Å—Å —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º —Ç–∞–∫–∂–µ –ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç.</para> <para>–ú–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤ –∑–∞–≥—Ä—É–∂–∞–µ—Ç –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—ã –∏–∑<emphasis>—Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏—è –ü–û</emphasis>, –æ—Å–æ–±–æ–≥–æ —Å–µ—Ä–≤–µ—Ä–∞ –≤ –∏–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–Ω–µ—Ç–µ, –Ω–∞ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–º —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ç—Å—è –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º. –≠—Ç–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—ã —É–ø–∞–∫–æ–≤–∞–Ω—ã –≤ —Ç–∞–∫ –Ω–∞–∑—ã–≤–∞–µ–º—ã–µ <emphasis>–ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ã</emphasis>, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ —É–∂–µ —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞—Ç –≤—Å—é –Ω–µ–æ–±—Ö–æ–¥–∏–º—É—é –¥–ª—è —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏ –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏—é. –í—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∑–∞–≥—Ä—É–∑–∏—Ç—å –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ã —Å–∞–º–æ—Å—Ç–æ—è—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ, —Å –ø–æ–º–æ—â—å—é –±—Ä–∞—É–∑–µ—Ä–∞, –Ω–æ –æ–±—ã—á–Ω–æ –Ω–∞–º–Ω–æ–≥–æ —É–¥–æ–±–Ω–µ–µ –ø—Ä–µ–¥–æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å —ç—Ç–æ –¥–µ–ª–æ –º–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä—É –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤.</para> <para>–ù–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–º –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞–º –¥–ª—è —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—ã –Ω–µ–æ–±—Ö–æ–¥–∏–º–æ, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –¥—Ä—É–≥–∏–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ã –±—ã–ª–∏ —É–∂–µ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω—ã. –ù–∞–ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä, –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—É –æ—Ñ–∏—Å–Ω—ã—Ö –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –æ–∫–∞–∑–∞—Ç—å—Å—è –Ω—É–∂–µ–Ω –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç –ø–µ—á–∞—Ç–∏. –ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∞ —É–ø—Ä–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞–º–∏ –∞–≤—Ç–æ–º–∞—Ç–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç –¥–ª—è –≤–∞—Å –≤—Å–µ <emphasis>–∑–∞–≤–∏—Å–∏–º–æ—Å—Ç–∏</emphasis>.</para> <para>–ü–æ —É–º–æ–ª—á–∞–Ω–∏—é, –≤ –º–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤ –≤–∞–º –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω—ã —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—ã –∏–∑ –æ—Ñ–∏—Ü–∏–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–≥–æ —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏—è Ubuntu. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã –Ω–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –Ω–∞–π—Ç–∏ –Ω–µ–æ–±—Ö–æ–¥–∏–º—É—é –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—É –≤ –æ—Ñ–∏—Ü–∏–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–º —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏–∏, –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –ø–æ–¥–∫–ª—é—á–∏—Ç—å –∞–ª—å—Ç–µ—Ä–Ω–∞—Ç–∏–≤–Ω—ã–µ (<quote>—Å—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–Ω–Ω–∏–µ</quote>) —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏–∏ –∏ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—É –æ—Ç—Ç—É–¥–∞.</para> </sect1> <sect1 id="installing" status="draft"> <title>–£—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º</title> <procedure> <step> <para>–ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–ü—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è</guimenu><guimenuitem>–£—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∞/–£–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–í–æ—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–π—Ç–µ—Å—å –ø–æ–∏—Å–∫–æ–º, –∏–ª–∏ –≤—ã–±–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ –∫–∞—Ç–µ–≥–æ—Ä–∏—é –∏ –Ω–∞–π–¥–∏—Ç–µ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–µ –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ.</para> </step> <step> <para>–û—Ç–º–µ—Ç—å—Ç–µ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–µ, –∫–ª–∏–∫–Ω—É–≤ –ø–æ –ø–æ–ª—é —Å–ª–µ–≤–∞ –æ—Ç –∏–º–µ–Ω–∏ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è. –í—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –æ—Ç–º–µ—Ç–∏—Ç—å —Å—Ä–∞–∑—É –Ω–µ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–π –¥–ª—è —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ<guibutton>–ü—Ä–∏–º–µ–Ω–∏—Ç—å –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—è</guibutton>, –∑–∞—Ç–µ–º –Ω–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <guibutton>–ü—Ä–∏–Ω—è—Ç—å</guibutton> –¥–ª—è –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–∞ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏.</para> </step> <step> <para>–í–≤–µ–¥–∏—Ç–µ —Å–≤–æ–π –ø–∞—Ä–æ–ª—å, –µ—Å–ª–∏ —Ç—Ä–µ–±—É–µ—Ç—Å—è. –í—ã–±—Ä–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–µ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è –±—É–¥—É—Ç –∑–∞–≥—Ä—É–∂–µ–Ω—ã –∏–∑ —Å–µ—Ç–∏ –∏ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω—ã.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ü–æ –∑–∞–≤–µ—Ä—à–µ–Ω–∏—é —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏, –Ω–æ–≤—ã–µ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è –±—É–¥—É—Ç –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω—ã –≤ –º–µ–Ω—é "–ü—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è"</para> </step> </procedure> <sect2 id="installing-others" status="draft"> <title>–î—Ä—É–≥–∏–µ —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±—ã —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–π</title> <sect3 id="installing-synaptic" status="draft"> <title>–ò—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É—è –º–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤ Synaptic</title> <para>–ú–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤ Synaptic –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω –¥–ª—è —Ç–∞–∫–∏—Ö –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ü–∏–π –Ω–∞–¥ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞–º–∏ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–π, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –Ω–µ –æ–±–µ—Å–ø–µ—á–∏–≤–∞—é—Ç—Å—è –º–µ–Ω—é "–£—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∞/–£–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ..."</para> <procedure> <step> <para>–ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guimenuitem>–ê–¥–º–∏–Ω–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∞ —É–ø—Ä–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞–º–∏ Synaptic</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. –í–≤–µ–¥–∏—Ç–µ —Å–≤–æ–π –ø–∞—Ä–æ–ª—å, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –ø–æ—Ç—Ä–µ–±—É–µ—Ç—Å—è</para> </step> <step> <para>–ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <guibutton>–ò—Å–∫–∞—Ç—å</guibutton> –¥–ª—è –ø–æ–∏—Å–∫–∞ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è, –∏–ª–∏ –Ω–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <guibutton>–†–∞–∑–¥–µ–ª—ã</guibutton> –∏ –≤—ã–±–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ –Ω—É–∂–Ω—É—é –∫–∞—Ç–µ–≥–æ—Ä–∏—é –¥–ª—è –ø–æ–∏—Å–∫–∞.</para> </step> <step> <para>–û—Ç–º–µ—Ç—å—Ç–µ –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ–µ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–µ –¥–ª—è —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏, —â—ë–ª–∫–Ω—É–≤ –ø—Ä–∞–≤–æ–π –∫–Ω–æ–ø–∫–æ–π –º—ã—à–∏ –Ω–∞ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–∏ –∏ –≤—ã–±—Ä–∞–≤ <guilabel>–û—Ç–º–µ—Ç–∏—Ç—å –¥–ª—è —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏</guilabel>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ù–∞ –≤–æ–ø—Ä–æ—Å "–•–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ –ª–∏ –≤ –æ—Ç–º–µ—Ç–∏—Ç—å –¥–æ–ø–æ–ª–Ω–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω—ã–µ –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—è?", –Ω–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ<guibutton>–û—Ç–º–µ—Ç–∏—Ç—å</guibutton>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–í—ã–±–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ –¥—Ä—É–≥–æ–µ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–µ –¥–ª—è —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –Ω–µ–æ–±—Ö–æ–¥–∏–º–æ.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <guibutton>–ü—Ä–∏–º–µ–Ω–∏—Ç—å</guibutton>, –∑–∞—Ç–µ–º –ø–æ–¥—Ç–≤–µ—Ä–¥–∏—Ç–µ —Å–≤–æ–π –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä, –Ω–∞–∂–∞–≤ <guibutton>–ü—Ä–∏–º–µ–Ω–∏—Ç—å</guibutton> –µ—â—ë —Ä–∞–∑, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –ø–æ—Ç—Ä–µ–±—É–µ—Ç—Å—è. –í—ã–±—Ä–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–µ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è –±—É–¥—É—Ç –∑–∞–≥—Ä—É–∂–µ–Ω—ã –∏–∑ —Å–µ—Ç–∏ –∏ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω—ã.</para> </step> </procedure> </sect3> <sect3 id="installing-deb" status="draft"> <title>–ó–∞–≥—Ä—É–∑–∫–∞ –∏ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∞ .deb –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞</title> <para>–í—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∑–∞–≥—Ä—É–∂–∞—Ç—å –∏ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–∞–≤–ª–∏–≤–∞—Ç—å –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è —Å –≤–µ–±-—Å–∞–π—Ç–æ–≤. –≠—Ç–∏ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è —É–ø–∞–∫–æ–≤–∞–Ω—ã –≤ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ã Debian (.deb - –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ã). –î–ª—è —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏ .deb-–ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞:</para> <procedure> <step> <para>–ó–∞–≥—Ä—É–∑–∏—Ç–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç —Å –≤–µ–±-—Å–∞–π—Ç–∞.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ó–∞–ø—É—Å—Ç–∏—Ç–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç –¥–≤–æ–π–Ω—ã–º –∫–ª–∏–∫–æ–º. –û—Ç–∫—Ä–æ–µ—Ç—Å—è –£—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤—â–∏–∫ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <guibutton>–£—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å</guibutton> –¥–ª—è —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞.</para> </step> </procedure> <para>–£—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∞ –æ–¥–∏–Ω–æ—á–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞ —Ç–∞–∫–∏–º —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±–æ–º –Ω–µ —Ä–µ–∫–æ–º–µ–Ω–¥—É–µ—Ç—Å—è –ø–æ —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–∏–º –ø—Ä–∏—á–∏–Ω–∞–º:</para> <itemizedlist> <listitem> <para>–¢–∞–∫–∏–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ã –Ω–µ –ø—Ä–æ–≤–µ—Ä—è—é—Ç—Å—è —Å–æ–æ–±—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤–æ–º Ubutnu –∏ –º–æ–≥—É—Ç —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞—Ç—å –≤—Ä–µ–¥–æ–Ω–æ—Å–Ω–æ–µ –ü–û. –°–∫–∞—á–∏–≤–∞–π—Ç–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ã —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —Å –Ω–∞–¥–µ–∂–Ω—ã—Ö –≤–µ–±-—Å–∞–π—Ç–æ–≤.</para> </listitem> <listitem> <para>–ü–∞–∫–µ—Ç –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç —Ç—Ä–µ–±–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –¥—Ä—É–≥–∏–µ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è –¥–ª—è —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –Ω–µ –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω—ã –∞–≤—Ç–æ–º–∞—Ç–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏. –í–∞–º –ø—Ä–∏–¥–µ—Ç—Å—è —Å–∞–º–æ—Å—Ç–æ—è—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ –∏—Å–∫–∞—Ç—å –∏ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–∞–≤–ª–∏–≤–∞—Ç—å –Ω–µ–æ–±—Ö–æ–¥–∏–º–æ–µ –ü–û.</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> </sect3> <sect3 id="installing-webpage" status="draft"> <title>–ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ –Ω–∞ —Å—Å—ã–ª–∫—É.</title> <para>–ù–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –≤–µ–±-—Å–∞–π—Ç—ã —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞—Ç —Å—Å—ã–ª–∫–∏, –ø—Ä–∏ –Ω–∞–∂–∞—Ç–∏ –Ω–∞ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –ø—Ä–æ–∏–∑–æ–π–¥–µ—Ç —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∞ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–π. –≠—Ç–∏ —Å—Å—ã–ª–∫–∏ –Ω–∞–∑—ã–≤–∞—é—Ç—Å—è <quote>apt:</quote> - —Å—Å—ã–ª–∫–∞–º–∏. –ü—Ä–∏ –Ω–∞–∂–∞—Ç–∏–∏ –Ω–∞ —Ç–∞–∫—É—é —Å—Å—ã–ª–∫—É, –≤–∞—Å —Å–ø—Ä–æ—Å—è—Ç - —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ –ª–∏ –≤—ã —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å –¥–æ–ø–æ–ª–Ω–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ–µ –ü–û. –ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <guibutton>–£—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å</guibutton> –¥–ª—è –∑–∞–ø—É—Å–∫–∞ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏.</para> <para>–ü—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω—ã —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –µ—Å–ª–∏ –æ–Ω–∏ –Ω–∞—Ö–æ–¥—è—Ç—Å—è –≤ —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏—è—Ö, –æ–±—Ä–∞—â–µ–Ω–∏–µ –∫ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–º —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–µ—à–µ–Ω–æ –Ω–∞ –≤–∞—à–µ–º –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä–µ. –≠—Ç–æ –∑–Ω–∞—á–∏—Ç, —á—Ç–æ –≤–µ–±-—Å–∞–π—Ç—ã –Ω–µ –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –æ–±–º–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–º –ø—É—Ç–µ–º —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å –≤—Ä–µ–¥–æ–Ω–æ—Å–Ω–æ–µ –ü–û –Ω–∞ –≤–∞—à –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä.</para> </sect3> </sect2> </sect1> <sect1 id="removing" status="draft"> <title>–£–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è</title> <procedure> <step> <para>–ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–ü—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è</guimenu><guimenuitem>–£—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∞/–£–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–í—ã–±–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—É, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—É—é –≤—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å, –æ—Ç–æ–±—Ä–∞–≤ –µ—ë –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ, –∏–ª–∏ –Ω–∞–π–¥—è –µ—ë —Å –ø–æ–º–æ—â—å—é –ø–æ–∏—Å–∫–∞.</para> </step> <step> <para>–°–Ω–∏–º–∏—Ç–µ –≥–∞–ª–æ—á–∫—É —Å –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–µ –≤—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å. –°–¥–µ–ª–∞–π—Ç–µ —ç—Ç–æ —Å–æ –≤—Å–µ–º–∏ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è–º–∏, –Ω–∞–º–µ—á–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–º–∏ –≤–∞–º–∏ –¥–ª—è —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <guibutton>–ü—Ä–∏–º–µ–Ω–∏—Ç—å –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—è</guibutton>, –ø–æ—Ç–æ–º –Ω–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ<guibutton>–ü—Ä–∏–º–µ–Ω–∏—Ç—å</guibutton> —á—Ç–æ–±—ã —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—ã. –í–≤–µ–¥–∏—Ç–µ –í–∞—à –ø–∞—Ä–æ–ª—å, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –ø–æ–ø—Ä–æ—Å—è—Ç.</para> </step> </procedure> <para>–ù–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—ã –¥–ª—è –∫–æ—Ä—Ä–µ–∫—Ç–Ω–æ–π —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—ã —Ç—Ä–µ–±—É—é—Ç –Ω–∞–ª–∏—á–∏—è –¥—Ä—É–≥–∏—Ö –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –í—ã —É–¥–∞–ª—è–µ—Ç–µ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—É, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–∞—è –∑–∞—Ç—Ä–µ–±–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∞ –¥—Ä—É–≥–æ–π –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–æ–π, –±—É–¥—É—Ç —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω—ã –û–ë–ï –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—ã. –ü—Ä–µ–∂–¥–µ —á–µ–º –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—ã –±—É–¥—É—Ç —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω—ã, –í–∞–º –ø–æ—Ç—Ä–µ–±—É–µ—Ç—Å—è –ø–æ–¥—Ç–≤–µ—Ä–¥–∏—Ç—å —Ç–æ, —á—Ç–æ –≤—ã –¥–µ–π—Å—Ç–≤–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ.</para> <para>–ï—Å–ª–∏ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–µ, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–µ –≤—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å –Ω–µ–¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω–æ –≤ –º–µ–Ω—é –£—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∞/—É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ, –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–π—Ç–µ Synaptic (<menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guimenuitem>–ê–¥–º–∏–Ω–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∞ —É–ø—Ä–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞–º–∏ Synaptic</guimenuitem></menuchoice>) –¥–ª—è –∏—Ö —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è.</para> </sect1> <sect1 id="adding-repos" status="draft"> <title>–î–æ–±–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏—è</title> <para>–ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–Ω–æ–µ –æ–±–µ—Å–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω–æ –∫–∞–∫ —Å–æ —Å—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–Ω–Ω–∏—Ö —Å–∞–π—Ç–æ–≤, —Ç–∞–∫ –∏ —Å —Å–µ—Ä–≤–µ—Ä–æ–≤ Ubuntu. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–∞–≤–ª–∏–≤–∞—Ç—å –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–Ω–æ–µ –æ–±–µ—Å–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ —Å–æ —Å—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–Ω–Ω–∏—Ö –∏—Å—Ç–æ—á–Ω–∏–∫–æ–≤, –≤–∞–º –ø–æ—Ç—Ä–µ–±—É–µ—Ç—Å—è –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å —ç—Ç–∏ —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏–∏ –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω—ã—Ö –∏—Å—Ç–æ—á–Ω–∏–∫–æ–≤ –º–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä–∞ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤.</para> <caution> <para>–î–æ–±–∞–≤–ª—è–π—Ç–µ —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —Ç–µ —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏–∏, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–º –≤—ã –¥–æ–≤–µ—Ä—è–µ—Ç–µ. –†–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏–∏ —Å—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–Ω–Ω–∏—Ö —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—á–∏–∫–æ–≤ –Ω–µ –ø—Ä–æ–≤–µ—Ä—è—é—Ç—Å—è –Ω–∞ –±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—á–∏–∫–∞–º–∏ Ubuntu, –∏, –ø–æ—ç—Ç–æ–º—É, –º–æ–≥—É—Ç —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞—Ç—å –≤—Ä–µ–¥–æ–Ω–æ—Å–Ω–æ–µ –ü–û.</para> </caution> <procedure> <step> <para>–û—Ç–∫—Ä–æ–π—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guimenuitem>–ê–¥–º–∏–Ω–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–ò—Å—Ç–æ—á–Ω–∏–∫–∏ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–π</guimenuitem></menuchoice> –∏ –≤—ã–±–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ <guilabel>–ü–û —Å—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–Ω–Ω–∏—Ö –ø—Ä–æ–∏–∑–≤–æ–¥–∏—Ç–µ–ª–µ–π</guilabel>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ –∫–Ω–æ–ø–∫—É <guibutton>–î–æ–±–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å</guibutton> –¥–ª—è –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –Ω–æ–≤–æ–≥–æ —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏—è.</para> </step> <step> <para>–í–≤–µ–¥–∏—Ç–µ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫—É APT –¥–ª—è –¥–æ–ø–æ–ª–Ω–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ–≥–æ —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏—è. –û–Ω–∞ –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω–∞ —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞—Ç—å—Å—è –Ω–∞ –≤–µ–±—Å–∞–π—Ç–µ –∏ –∏–º–µ–µ—Ç –ø–æ–¥–æ–±–Ω—ã–π –≤–∏–¥:</para> <screen>deb http://ftp.debian.org etch main</screen> </step> <step> <para>–ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <guibutton>–î–æ–±–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å –∏—Å—Ç–æ—á–Ω–∏–∫</guibutton>, –∑–∞—Ç–µ–º –Ω–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <guibutton>–ó–∞–∫—Ä—ã—Ç—å</guibutton> –¥–ª—è —Å–æ—Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—è –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–µ–Ω–∏–π.</para> </step> <step> <para>–ü–æ—è–≤–∏—Ç—Å—è –ø—Ä–µ–¥—É–ø—Ä–µ–∂–¥–µ–Ω–∏–µ –æ —Ç–æ–º, —á—Ç–æ –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏—è –æ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–Ω–æ–º –æ–±–µ—Å–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–∏–∏ —É—Å—Ç–∞—Ä–µ–ª–∞. –ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <guibutton>–û–±–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å</guibutton>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–¢–µ–ø–µ—Ä—å –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ã –∏–∑ –Ω–æ–≤–æ–≥–æ —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏—è –±—É–¥—É—Ç –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω—ã –≤ –º–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤.</para> </step> </procedure> <para>–í –∫–∞—á–µ—Å—Ç–≤–µ –º–µ—Ä—ã, –æ–±–µ—Å–ø–µ—á–∏–≤–∞—é—â–µ–π –±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å, –±–æ–ª—å—à–∏–Ω—Å—Ç–≤–æ –ø—Ä–æ–∏–∑–≤–æ–¥–∏—Ç–µ–ª–µ–π –ü–û –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É—é—Ç –∫–ª—é—á GPG –¥–ª—è –ø–æ–¥–ø–∏—Å–∏ –ø—Ä–µ–¥–æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª—è–µ–º—ã—Ö –∏–º–∏ —Ñ–∞–π–ª–æ–≤. –≠—Ç–æ –ø–æ–∑–≤–æ–ª—è–µ—Ç –ª–µ–≥–∫–æ –ø—Ä–æ–≤–µ—Ä–∏—Ç—å —Ç–æ, —á—Ç–æ –æ–Ω–∏ –Ω–µ –±—ã–ª–∏ –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–µ–Ω—ã —Å–æ –≤—Ä–µ–º–µ–Ω–∏ —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞–Ω–∏—è. –î–ª—è –≤–æ–∑–º–æ–∂–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏ —Ç–∞–∫–æ–π –ø—Ä–æ–≤–µ—Ä–∫–∏, –º–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤ –¥–æ–ª–∂–µ–Ω –∏–º–µ—Ç—å –ø—É–±–ª–∏—á–Ω—ã–π –∫–ª—é—á. –≠—Ç–æ—Ç –∫–ª—é—á —Ä–∞–∑–º–µ—â–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –Ω–∞ —Å–∞–π—Ç–µ —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏—è.</para> <para>–ó–∞–≥—Ä—É–∑–∏—Ç–µ GPG –∫–ª—é—á. –ó–∞—Ç–µ–º, –Ω–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guimenuitem>–ê–¥–º–∏–Ω–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–ò—Å—Ç–æ—á–Ω–∏–∫–∏ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–π</guimenuitem></menuchoice>, –≤—ã–±–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ –∑–∞–∫–ª–∞–¥–∫—É<guilabel>–ê–≤—Ç–æ—Ä–∏–∑–∞—Ü–∏—è</guilabel>, –Ω–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <guibutton>–ò–º–ø–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —Ñ–∞–π–ª –∫–ª—é—á–∞</guibutton> –∏ —É–∫–∞–∂–∏—Ç–µ —Ñ–∞–π–ª —Å GPG –∫–ª—é—á–æ–º –¥–ª—è –∏–º–ø–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è.</para> </sect1> <sect1 id="offline" status="draft"> <title>–£—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º –±–µ–∑ –ò–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–Ω–µ—Ç-—Å–æ–µ–¥–∏–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—è</title> <para>–ï—Å–ª–∏ —É –≤–∞—Å –Ω–µ—Ç –ò–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–Ω–µ—Ç-—Å–æ–µ–¥–∏–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—è, –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å CD, —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞—â–∏–π –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ã –¥–ª—è —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏ –Ω–∞ –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä. –î–ª—è —ç—Ç–æ–π —Ü–µ–ª–∏ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å—Å—è —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–æ—á–Ω—ã–π –¥–∏—Å–∫ Ubuntu, –∞ —Ç–∞–∫–∂–µ –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω—ã –∏ –¥—Ä—É–≥–∏–µ –¥–∏—Å–∫–∏ —Å —Ä–∞–∑–Ω—ã–º–∏ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞–º–∏. –ö—Ä–æ–º–µ —Ç–æ–≥–æ, –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∞ <application>APTonCD</application> –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –∞–≤—Ç–æ–º–∞—Ç–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏ —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞–≤–∞—Ç—å —Ä–µ–∑–µ—Ä–≤–Ω—É—é –∫–æ–ø–∏—é —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö –Ω–∞ –≤–∞—à–µ–π —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤ –∏ —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞–≤–∞—Ç—å CD –¥–∏—Å–∫–∏, —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞—â–∏–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ã –∏–∑ —Ä–∞–∑–Ω—ã—Ö —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏–µ–≤.</para> <sect2 id="ubuntu-installation-cd" status="review"> <title>–£—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∞ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤ —Å –∫–æ–º–ø–∞–∫—Ç-–¥–∏—Å–∫–∞ Ubuntu</title> <para>–ù–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ã, –æ—Ç–Ω–æ—Å—è—â–∏–µ—Å—è –∫ –∫–∞—Ç–µ–≥–æ—Ä–∏—è–º <emphasis>main</emphasis> –∏ <emphasis>restricted</emphasis>, –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω—ã —Å –¥–∏—Å–∫–∞ "Ubuntu installation CD". –ü—Ä–æ—Å—Ç–æ –≤—Å—Ç–∞–≤—å—Ç–µ –¥–∏—Å–∫ –∏ –æ—Ç–∫—Ä–æ–π—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guimenuitem>–ê–¥–º–∏–Ω–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∞ —É–ø—Ä–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞–º–∏ Synaptic</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. –ß—Ç–æ–±—ã —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –ø—Ä–æ—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–µ—Ç—å –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ã —Å –¥–∏—Å–∫–∞ "Ubuntu installation CD", –Ω–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ –∫–Ω–æ–ø–∫—É <guibutton>–ü—Ä–æ–∏—Å—Ö–æ–∂–¥–µ–Ω–∏–µ</guibutton> –≤ –ª–µ–≤–æ–º –Ω–∏–∂–Ω–µ–º —É–≥–ª—É –æ–∫–Ω–∞ Synaptic. –ü–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ã –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω—ã –±—ã—Ç—å –ø–µ—Ä–µ—á–∏—Å–ª–µ–Ω—ã –≤ —Ä–∞–∑–¥–µ–ª–µ <guimenuitem>Ubuntu 9.04_Jaunty_Jackalope</guimenuitem>.</para> <para>–ï—Å–ª–∏ —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤ –ø—É—Å—Ç, —ç—Ç–æ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –æ–∑–Ω–∞—á–∞—Ç—å, —á—Ç–æ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–æ—á–Ω—ã–π –¥–∏—Å–∫ –Ω–µ –≤—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏–µ–≤ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤ (–¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–π –¥–∏—Å–∫ –≤—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç –≤ —ç—Ç–æ—Ç —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –ø–æ —É–º–æ–ª—á–∞–Ω–∏—é). –î–ª—è –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è CD –≤ –∫–∞—á–µ—Å—Ç–≤–µ —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏—è –≤–æ—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–π—Ç–µ—Å—å –∏–Ω—Å—Ç—Ä—É–∫—Ü–∏–µ–π <xref linkend="repository-cds"/>, –ø—Ä–∏–≤–µ–¥—ë–Ω–Ω–æ–π –Ω–∏–∂–µ.</para> </sect2> <sect2 id="repository-cds" status="review"> <title>–ò—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ –¥—Ä—É–≥–∏—Ö –∫–æ–º–ø–∞–∫—Ç-–¥–∏—Å–∫–æ–≤ –¥–ª—è —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤</title> <para>–ß—Ç–æ–±—ã —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–µ—à–∏—Ç—å Synaptic'—É –∏ –¥—Ä—É–≥–∏–º –º–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä–∞–º –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–∞–≤–ª–∏–≤–∞—Ç—å –ü–û —Å CD, —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞—â–∏—Ö –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ã:</para> <procedure> <step> <para>–ù–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guimenuitem>–ê–¥–º–∏–Ω–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–ò—Å—Ç–æ—á–Ω–∏–∫–∏ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–π</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–í—ã–±–µ—Ä–∏—Ç–µ <guilabel>–ü–û —Å—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–Ω–Ω–∏—Ö –ø—Ä–æ–∏–∑–≤–æ–¥–∏—Ç–µ–ª–µ–π</guilabel> –∏ –Ω–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ –∫–Ω–æ–ø–∫—É<guibutton>–î–æ–±–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å –∫–æ–º–ø–∞–∫—Ç-–¥–∏—Å–∫</guibutton>.</para> </step> <step> <para>–í—Å—Ç–∞–≤—å—Ç–µ –∫–æ–º–ø–∞–∫—Ç-–¥–∏—Å–∫.</para> </step> </procedure> <para>–ë—É–¥–µ—Ç –≤—ã–≤–µ–¥–µ–Ω —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤. –ß—Ç–æ–±—ã Synaptic —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –ø–æ–∫–∞–∑–∞–ª —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤ –Ω–∞ CD, –Ω–∞–∂–º–∏—Ç–µ –∫–Ω–æ–ø–∫—É <guibutton>–ò—Å—Ç–æ—á–Ω–∏–∫</guibutton> –≤ –Ω–∏–∂–Ω–µ–º –ª–µ–≤–æ–º —É–≥–ª—É –æ–∫–Ω–∞ Synaptic –∏ –Ω–∞–π–¥–∏—Ç–µ –Ω–∞–∑–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ CD –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ –≤ –ª–µ–≤–æ–º –≤–µ—Ä—Ö–Ω–µ–º —É–≥–ª—É –æ–∫–Ω–∞.</para> </sect2> <sect2 id="aptoncd" status="review"> <title>–ò—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ APTonCD –¥–ª—è —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤</title> <para><application>APTonCD</application> –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω –¥–ª—è —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞–Ω–∏—è –¥–∏—Å–∫–∞, —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞—â–µ–≥–æ –≤—Å–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ã –∏–∑ –≤–∞—à–µ–π —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º—ã, –∏–ª–∏ —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞–Ω–∏—è –¥–∏—Å–∫–∞ —Å –ª—é–±—ã–º –≤—ã–±—Ä–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–º –≤–∞–º–∏ —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏–µ–º. –í –º–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤, –Ω–∞–ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä <application>Synaptic</application>, –Ω–∞–π–¥–∏—Ç–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç <emphasis>aptoncd</emphasis> –∏ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç–µ –µ–≥–æ.</para> <para>–ë–æ–ª—å—à–∞—è –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü–∏—è –ø–æ APTonCD –Ω–∞—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç—Å—è –Ω–∞ –µ–≥–æ –≤–µ–±—Å–∞–π—Ç–µ, <ulink url="http://aptoncd.sourceforge.net"> aptoncd.sourceforge.net</ulink></para> </sect2> </sect1> <sect1 id="restricted-software" status="draft"> <title>–ö–∞–∫–æ–µ –ü–û —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –Ω–µ —Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–Ω—ã–º?</title> <para>–ë–æ–ª—å—à–∏–Ω—Å—Ç–≤–æ –ü–û, –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω–æ–≥–æ –≤ Ubuntu, —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è —Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–Ω—ã–º –ü–û —Å –æ—Ç–∫—Ä—ã—Ç—ã–º –∏—Å—Ö–æ–¥–Ω—ã–º –∫–æ–¥–æ–º. –¢–∞–∫–æ–µ –ü–û —Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–Ω–æ –¥–ª—è —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏ –∏ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è, –∏ –ª—é–¥–∏ –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –º–æ–¥–∏—Ñ–∏—Ü–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –µ–≥–æ –∏ —Ä–∞—Å–ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω—è—Ç—å, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –∂–µ–ª–∞—é—Ç. Ubuntu –ø–æ—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–µ–Ω–æ –Ω–∞ —ç—Ç–æ–º —Ç–∏–ø–µ –ü–û.</para> <para><emphasis role="strong">–ù–µ—Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–Ω–æ–µ –ü–û</emphasis> - —ç—Ç–æ –ü–û, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–µ –Ω–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç —Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–Ω–æ –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω—è—Ç—å—Å—è –∏–ª–∏ —Ä–∞—Å–ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω—è—Ç—å—Å—è. –≠—Ç–æ —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞–µ—Ç —Å–ª–æ–∂–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—á–∏–∫–∞–º Ubuntu –≤ —É–ª—É—á—à–µ–Ω–∏–∏ –ü–û –∏ –∏—Å–ø—Ä–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–∏ –æ—à–∏–±–æ–∫, —Ç–∞–∫ —á—Ç–æ –æ–±—ã—á–Ω–æ —Ä–µ–∫–æ–º–µ–Ω–¥—É–µ—Ç—Å—è –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –≤–º–µ—Å—Ç–æ –Ω–µ–≥–æ <ulink url="http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/philosophy"> —Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–Ω–æ–µ –ü–û</ulink>.</para> <para><emphasis role="strong">–û–≥—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—á–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–µ –ü–û</emphasis> - —ç—Ç–æ –ü–û, –∏–º–µ—é—â–µ–µ –æ–≥—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—á–µ–Ω–∏—è –≤ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–∏, —á—Ç–æ –Ω–µ –ø–æ–∑–≤–æ–ª—è–µ—Ç –∫–ª–∞—Å—Å–∏—Ñ–∏—Ü–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –µ–≥–æ –∫–∞–∫ —Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–Ω–æ–µ. –ù–µ—Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–Ω–æ–µ –ü–û - —ç—Ç–æ –≤–∏–¥ –æ–≥—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—á–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ü–û, –≤ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–º –æ–≥—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—á–µ–Ω–∏—è –∑–∞–∫–ª—é—á–∞—é—Ç—Å—è –≤ –Ω–µ—Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–Ω–æ–π –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑–∏–∏ –Ω–∞ –ü–û. –î—Ä—É–≥–∏–º–∏ –ø—Ä–∏—á–∏–Ω–∞–º–∏, –ø–æ—á–µ–º—É –ü–û –∫–ª–∞—Å—Å–∏—Ñ–∏—Ü–∏—Ä—É–µ—Ç—Å—è –∫–∞–∫ –æ–≥—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—á–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–µ, —è–≤–ª—è—é—Ç—Å—è –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º—ã —Å –∑–∞–∫–æ–Ω–æ–º (–∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ –Ω–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã—Ö —Ç–∏–ø–æ–≤ –ü–û —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –Ω–µ–∑–∞–∫–æ–Ω–Ω—ã–º –≤ –Ω–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã—Ö —Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω–∞—Ö) –∏ –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º—ã —Å –ø–∞—Ç–µ–Ω—Ç–∞–º–∏ (–Ω–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–µ –ü–û —Ç—Ä–µ–±—É–µ—Ç –ø–∞—Ç–µ–Ω—Ç–Ω—É—é –ª–∏—Ü–µ–Ω–∑–∏—é –¥–ª—è –∑–∞–∫–æ–Ω–Ω–æ–≥–æ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è).</para> <para>–í –Ω–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã—Ö —Å–ª—É—á–∞—è—Ö –æ–≥—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—á–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–µ –ü–û —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –µ–¥–∏–Ω—Å—Ç–≤–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–º –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–æ–º. –≠—Ç–∏ —Å–ª—É—á–∞–∏ –≤–∫–ª—é—á–∞—é—Ç –≤ —Å–µ–±—è –≤–æ—Å–ø—Ä–æ–∏–∑–≤–µ–¥–µ–Ω–∏–µ –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö –∞—É–¥–∏–æ –∏ –≤–∏–¥–µ–æ —Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ç–æ–≤, –Ω–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ —à—Ä–∏—Ñ—Ç—ã –∏ <ulink type="help" url="ghelp:hardware#restricted-manager">–¥—Ä–∞–π–≤–µ—Ä—ã –¥–ª—è –Ω–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã—Ö –≤–∏–¥–µ–æ–∫–∞—Ä—Ç</ulink>.</para> <para>–ü—Ä–∏ –ø–æ–ø—ã—Ç–∫–µ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å –æ–≥—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—á–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–µ –ü–û –≤—ã –±—É–¥–µ—Ç–µ –ø—Ä–µ–¥—É–ø—Ä–µ–∂–¥–µ–Ω—ã –º–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä–æ–º –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –æ–≥—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—á–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–µ –ü–û –Ω–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –∑–∞–∫–æ–Ω–Ω–æ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å—Å—è –≤ –≤–∞—à–µ–π —Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω–µ, –í—ã –º–∞–ª–æ —á—Ç–æ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å; –≤–∞–º –Ω–µ —Å–ª–µ–¥—É–µ—Ç —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–∞–≤–ª–∏–≤–∞—Ç—å –ü–û. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –ü–û —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –æ–≥—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—á–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–º —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –ø–æ—Ç–æ–º—É, —á—Ç–æ –æ–Ω–æ –Ω–µ—Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–Ω–æ, –í—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ —Ä–µ—à–∏—Ç—å –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –µ–≥–æ (–Ω–∞–ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä, –≤ —Å–ª—É—á–∞–µ –¥—Ä–∞–π–≤–µ—Ä–æ–≤ –¥–ª—è –≤–∏–¥–µ–æ–∫–∞—Ä—Ç—ã). –ü—Ä–µ–¥—É–ø—Ä–µ–∂–¥–∞–µ–º, —á—Ç–æ –±–æ–ª—å—à–∏–Ω—Å—Ç–≤–æ –æ–≥—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—á–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ü–û –Ω–µ –ø–æ–¥–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –≤ Ubuntu, –∏ –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º—ã —Å —Ç–∞–∫–∏–º –ü–û –∑–∞—á–∞—Å—Ç—É—é –Ω–µ –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å —Ä–µ—à–µ–Ω—ã —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—á–∏–∫–∞–º–∏ Ubuntu.</para> <warning> <para>–ò–Ω–æ–≥–¥–∞ –±—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç —Å–ª–æ–∂–Ω–æ –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–∏—Ç—å, –ø–æ—á–µ–º—É –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–π –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç –ü–û —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –æ–≥—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—á–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–º. –í —Ç–∞–∫–æ–º —Å–ª—É—á–∞–µ –ø–æ–∏—â–∏—Ç–µ —Å–æ–≤–µ—Ç–∞ –Ω–∞ <ulink url="http://ubuntuforums.org/">–§–æ—Ä—É–º–∞—Ö Ubuntu</ulink>. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –í—ã –≤—Å–µ –µ—â–µ –Ω–µ —É–≤–µ—Ä–µ–Ω—ã, –ø–æ—á–µ–º—É –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –æ–≥—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—á–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–º, –ª—É—á—à–µ –ø–µ—Ä–µ—Å—Ç—Ä–∞—Ö—É–π—Ç–µ—Å—å –∏ –Ω–µ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–∞–≤–ª–∏–≤–∞–π—Ç–µ –µ–≥–æ; –≤–æ–∑–º–æ–∂–Ω–æ, –µ–≥–æ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ –≤ –≤–∞—à–µ–π —Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω–µ –Ω–µ–∑–∞–∫–æ–Ω–Ω–æ.</para> </warning> </sect1> <sect1 id="default-repos" status="draft"> <title>–û–±–∑–æ—Ä —Å—Ç–∞–Ω–¥–∞—Ä—Ç–Ω—ã—Ö —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏–µ–≤ Ubuntu</title> <para>–ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ –≤—ã —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–∞–≤–ª–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç–µ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—É –≤ Ubuntu, –º–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤ –∞–≤—Ç–æ–º–∞—Ç–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏ –∑–∞–≥—Ä—É–∂–∞–µ—Ç –Ω–µ–æ–±—Ö–æ–¥–∏–º—ã–µ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ã –∏–∑ <emphasis>—Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏—è –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –æ–±–µ—Å–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–∏—è</emphasis> - —Å–∞–π—Ç–∞ –≤ —Å–µ—Ç–∏ –ò–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–Ω–µ—Ç, —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞—â–µ–≥–æ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–æ–≤ –≥–æ—Ç–æ–≤—ã—Ö –∫ –∑–∞–≥—Ä—É–∑–∫–µ.</para> <para>–°—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤—É—é—Ç —Ç—ã—Å—è—á–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º, –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω—ã—Ö –¥–ª—è —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏ –≤ Ubuntu. –≠—Ç–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—ã —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω—è—Ç—Å—è –≤ —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏—è—Ö –ü–û –∏ –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω—ã –≤—Å–µ–º–∏ –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª—è–º–∏ Ubuntu. –≠—Ç–æ –¥–µ–ª–∞–µ—Ç —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫—É –Ω–æ–≤—ã—Ö –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º –æ—á–µ–Ω—å –ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç–æ–π –∞ —Ç–∞–∫–∂–µ –æ—á–µ–Ω—å –±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ–π, —Ç–∞–∫ –∫–∞–∫ –∫–∞–∂–¥–∞—è –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∞, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—É—é –≤—ã —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–∞–≤–ª–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç–µ, —Å–æ–±—Ä–∞–Ω–∞ —Å–ø–µ—Ü–∏–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ –¥–ª—è Ubuntu –∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≤–µ—Ä–µ–Ω–∞ –ø–µ—Ä–µ–¥ –ø–æ–º–µ—â–µ–Ω–∏–µ–º –µ–µ –≤ —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏–π.</para> <sect2 id="default-repos-main" status="draft"> <title>–†–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –æ–±–µ—Å–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–∏—è</title> <para>–î–ª—è –æ—Ä–≥–∞–Ω–∏–∑–∞—Ü–∏–∏ —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—ã —Å –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–Ω—ã–º –æ–±–µ—Å–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ–º, —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏–∏ Ubuntu —Ä–∞–∑–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω—ã –Ω–∞ 4 –≥—Ä—É–ø–ø—ã: <emphasis>Main</emphasis>, <emphasis>Restricted</emphasis>, <emphasis>Universe</emphasis>, –∏ <emphasis>Multiverse</emphasis>. –û—Å–Ω–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ–º –¥–ª—è —Ä–∞–∑–º–µ—â–µ–Ω–∏—è —Ç–æ–≥–æ –∏–ª–∏ –∏–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ü–û –≤ –∫–∞–∫–æ–º-–ª–∏–±–æ –∏–∑ —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏–µ–≤ —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è —É—Ä–æ–≤–µ–Ω—å –ø–æ–¥–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∫–∏ –µ–≥–æ –ø—Ä–æ–∏–∑–≤–æ–¥–∏—Ç–µ–ª–µ–º –∏ —Å—Ç–µ–ø–µ–Ω—å —Å–æ–æ—Ç–≤–µ—Ç—Å—Ç–≤–∏—è –µ–≥–æ —Å <ulink url="http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/philosophy">–§–∏–ª–æ—Å–æ—Ñ–∏–µ–π —Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –æ–±–µ—Å–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–∏—è</ulink>.</para> <para>–°—Ç–∞–Ω–¥–∞—Ä—Ç–Ω—ã–π —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–æ—á–Ω—ã–π –¥–∏—Å–∫ Ubuntu —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏—Ç –Ω–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è –∏–∑ –∫–∞—Ç–µ–≥–æ—Ä–∏–π <emphasis>Main</emphasis> –∏ <emphasis>Restricted</emphasis>.</para> <para>–ï—Å–ª–∏ –≤–∞—à –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä –ø–æ–¥–∫–ª—é—á—ë–Ω –∫ –∏–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–Ω–µ—Ç—É, –≤–∞–º –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω–æ –Ω–∞–º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ –ü–û –¥–ª—è —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏. –ù–∞–ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏–∏ <quote>Universe</quote> –∏ <quote>Multiverse</quote> –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω—ã —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —á–µ—Ä–µ–∑ –∏–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–Ω–µ—Ç.</para> <warning> <para>–†–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏–π <emphasis>Multiverse</emphasis> —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏—Ç –ü–û, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–µ –∫–ª–∞—Å—Å–∏—Ñ–∏—Ü–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–æ –∫–∞–∫ <emphasis>–Ω–µ —Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–Ω–æ–µ</emphasis>. –ò—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ —Ç–∞–∫–æ–≥–æ –ü–û –≤ –Ω–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã—Ö —Å–ª—É—á–∞—è—Ö –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å –æ–≥—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—á–µ–Ω–æ. –ü–µ—Ä–µ–¥ —Ç–µ–º, –∫–∞–∫ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–µ –∏–∑ —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ —Ä–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏—è, –≤—ã –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω—ã —É–±–µ–¥–∏—Ç—å—Å—è, —á—Ç–æ –Ω–µ –Ω–∞—Ä—É—à–∞–µ—Ç–µ –∑–∞–∫–æ–Ω–æ–¥–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å—Å—Ç–≤–∞ –≤–∞—à–µ–π —Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω—ã. –¢–∞–∫–∂–µ –¥–ª—è —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –ü–û –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –æ—Ç—Å—É—Ç—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏.</para> </warning> </sect2> <sect2 id="default-repos-update" status="draft"> <title>–†–µ–ø–æ–∑–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏–∏ –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–π</title> <para>–ú–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–π –∞–≤—Ç–æ–º–∞—Ç–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏ –Ω–∞—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω—ã–µ –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –¥–ª—è –≤–∞—à–µ–≥–æ –∫–æ–º–ø—å—é—Ç–µ—Ä–∞. –û–Ω —Ä–µ–≥—É–ª—è—Ä–Ω–æ –ø–æ–ª—É—á–∞–µ—Ç —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –≤–æ–∑–º–æ–∂–Ω—ã—Ö –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–π –∏–∑ —Ä–∞–∑–ª–∏—á–Ω—ã—Ö –∏—Å—Ç–æ—á–Ω–∏–∫–æ–≤ –≤ –ò–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–Ω–µ—Ç–µ.</para> <para>–ï—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã –æ—Ç–∫—Ä–æ–µ—Ç–µ <menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guimenuitem>–ê–¥–º–∏–Ω–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–ò—Å—Ç–æ—á–Ω–∏–∫–∏ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–π</guimenuitem></menuchoice> –∏ –≤—ã–±–µ—Ä–µ—Ç–µ –≤–∫–ª–∞–¥–∫—É <guilabel>–û–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è</guilabel>, –≤—ã –∑–∞–º–µ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ —á–µ—Ç—ã—Ä–µ –≤–æ–∑–º–æ–∂–Ω—ã—Ö –∏—Å—Ç–æ—á–Ω–∏–∫–∞ –¥–ª—è –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–π. –û–±—ä—è—Å–Ω–µ–Ω–∏–µ –∫–∞–∂–¥–æ–≥–æ –∏–∑ –Ω–∏—Ö –¥–∞–Ω–æ –Ω–∏–∂–µ:</para> <itemizedlist> <listitem> <para><emphasis role="strong">–í–∞–∂–Ω—ã–µ –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏:</emphasis> –û–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –∏—Å–ø—Ä–∞–≤–ª—è—é—Ç –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º—ã —Å –±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å—é. –†–µ–∫–æ–º–µ–Ω–¥—É–µ—Ç—Å—è –æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å –∏—Ö –≤–∫–ª—é—á–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–º–∏ (–ø–æ —É–º–æ–ª—á–∞–Ω–∏—é)</para> </listitem> <listitem> <para><emphasis role="strong">–†–µ–∫–æ–º–µ–Ω–¥—É–µ–º—ã–µ –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è:</emphasis> –û–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è, –∏—Å–ø—Ä–∞–≤–ª—è—é—â–∏–µ —Å–µ—Ä—å—ë–∑–Ω—ã–µ –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º—ã –ü–û (–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –Ω–µ —è–≤–ª—è—é—Ç—Å—è –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º–∞–º–∏ —Å –±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å—é). –î–ª—è –º–Ω–æ–≥–∏—Ö –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª–µ–π —Ä–µ–∫–æ–º–µ–Ω–¥—É–µ—Ç—Å—è –æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å —ç—Ç–æ—Ç –∏—Å—Ç–æ—á–Ω–∏–∫. –ú–Ω–æ–≥–∏–µ –æ–±—â–∏–µ –∏ –º–µ–ª–∫–∏–µ –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º—ã —Ä–µ—à–∞—é—Ç—Å—è —á–µ—Ä–µ–∑ –Ω–µ–≥–æ.</para> </listitem> <listitem> <para><emphasis role="strong">–û–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è, –Ω–µ –≤–æ—à–µ–¥—à–∏–µ –≤ –æ—Ñ–∏—Ü–∏–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–π –≤—ã–ø—É—Å–∫:</emphasis> –û–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –≤ –Ω–∞—Å—Ç–æ—è—â–∏–π –º–æ–º–µ–Ω—Ç —Ç–µ—Å—Ç–∏—Ä—É—é—Ç—Å—è –ø–µ—Ä–µ–¥ —Ç–µ–º, –∫–∞–∫ –±—É–¥—É—Ç –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω—ã –¥–ª—è –∫–∞–∂–¥–æ–≥–æ. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –í—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ –ø–æ–º–æ—á—å –≤ —Ç–µ—Å—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–∏ –Ω–æ–≤—ã—Ö –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–π (–∏ –ø–æ–ª—É—á–∞—Ç—å –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –±–æ–ª–µ–µ –±—ã—Å—Ç—Ä–æ), —Ç–æ –≤–∫–ª—é—á–∏—Ç–µ —ç—Ç–∏ –∏—Å—Ç–æ—á–Ω–∏–∫–∏. –ë—É–¥—å—Ç–µ –æ—Å—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–∂–Ω—ã, –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å –µ—â—ë –Ω–µ–¥–æ—Å—Ç–∞—Ç–æ—á–Ω–æ —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–æ –ø—Ä–æ—Ç–µ—Å—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω—ã; –Ω–µ —Ä–µ–∫–æ–º–µ–Ω–¥—É–µ—Ç—Å—è –≤–∫–ª—é—á–∞—Ç—å —ç—Ç–∏ –∏—Å—Ç–æ—á–Ω–∏–∫–∏, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –í—ã –Ω–µ –≥–æ—Ç–æ–≤—ã –∫ —É—Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—é –≤–æ–∑–º–æ–∂–Ω—ã—Ö –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º.</para> </listitem> <listitem> <para><emphasis role="strong">–ù–µ –ø–æ–¥–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏–≤–∞–µ–º—ã–µ –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è:</emphasis> –ò–Ω–æ–≥–¥–∞, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –≤—ã—Ö–æ–¥—è—Ç –Ω–æ–≤—ã–µ –≤–µ—Ä—Å–∏–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º, –æ–Ω–∏ <quote>–ø–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä—É—é—Ç—Å—è</quote> –Ω–∞ —Å—Ç–∞—Ä—ã–µ –≤–µ—Ä—Å–∏–∏ Ubuntu. –≠—Ç–∏ –±—ç–∫-–ø–æ—Ä—Ç—ã –Ω–µ –ø–æ–¥–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏–≤–∞—é—Ç—Å—è, –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –≤—ã–∑–≤–∞—Ç—å –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º—ã –ø—Ä–∏ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–µ –∏ –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω—ã –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å—Å—è —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —Ç–µ–º–∏ –ª—é–¥—å–º–∏, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–º –¥–µ–π—Å—Ç–≤–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ –Ω—É–∂–Ω–∞ –Ω–æ–≤–∞—è –≤–µ—Ä—Å–∏—è –∫–∞–∫–æ–π-–ª–∏–±–æ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—ã.</para> </listitem> </itemizedlist> </sect2> </sect1> </article>